The weather changed on us a bit today and turned a little cooler and cloudy as we left Roma heading to Assisi. We first stopped off at Ovierto, a city literally on the top of a steep cliff that dates back to Etruscan times (800 BC). They have a magnificent cathedral that has frescoes inside that we painted by the TEACHER of Michelangelo. He wasn't able to complete them all, but his students continued his work and completed them. The outside of the Cathedral has four pillars. The first pillar is decorated with statues and stories of the creation of the world. The second pillar is decorated with scenes from the Tree of Jesse (Old Testament). The third pillar has scenes from the life of Jesus (New Testament) and the fourth is decorated with scenes from the Last Judgment (Revelation). The pillars were started in the 13th century and completed in the 14th century. Since they had better tools and better knowledge in the 14th century, the fourth pillar has more complex designs and faces than the first.
The facade of the cathedral is very beautiful and includes mosaics of the Virgin Mary, the four Doctors of the Church, and several other scenes. We didn't have much time to walk through and admire the church - the bishop was coming to celebrate the feast of Christ the King and there was to be a parade and procession. However, our guide (who lives in the town) told us that the Feast of Corpus Christi (Body and Blood of Christ) is more important to this town because of a wonderful miracle that happened in nearby Bolsena.
In 1263 a German priest, Peter of Prague, stopped at Bolsena while on a pilgrimage to Rome. He is described as being a pious priest, but one who found it difficult to believe that Christ was actually present in the consecrated Host. While celebrating Holy Mass above the tomb of St. Christina (located in the church named for this martyr), he had barely spoken the words of Consecration when blood started to seep from the consecrated Host and trickle over his hands onto the altar and the corporal.
The priest was immediately confused. At first he attempted to hide the blood, but then he interrupted the Mass and asked to be taken to the neighboring city of Orvieto, the city where Pope Urban IV was then residing.
The Pope listened to the priest's account and absolved him. He then sent emissaries for an immediate investigation. When all the facts were ascertained, he ordered the Bishop of the diocese to bring to Orvieto the Host and the linen cloth bearing the stains of blood. With archbishops, cardinals and other Church dignitaries in attendance, the Pope met the procession and, amid great pomp, had the relics placed in the cathedral. The linen corporal bearing the spots of blood is still reverently enshrined and exhibited in the Cathedral of Orvieto. On the Feast of Corpus Christi, the corporal is placed inside a special holder and paraded through the streets of Orvieto. Pope John Paul II himself has carried this monstrance!
Orvieto is also closely related to the papacy - one of the Popes was installed there instead of the Vatican and several have lived there while fleeing Rome and the various armies that wanted to kill them.
We also took the time to tour one of the underground caves that date back to Etruscan times and include a burial tomb, a well and kilns. We also saw a well that was ordered by Pope Urban IV so that the city could have water. Finally, we saw an area where they put up a Christmas nativity every year with statues that move. Each year, a different group is responsible for putting this together and running it. Once our tour was done, our host (the cave's owner) provided us with a wine tasting with some great bread and olive oil. Brian liked the wine so much he got a bottle to take home!
We then headed to Assisi past some great scenery. Just before heading into the town, we stopped at a family-owned winery for lunch. Lunch was a little different - it was a wine tasting coupled with little hor d'ouevres. We tried one white wine and two reds. One of the red wines is cured in steel casks instead of wood and it definitely has a different flavor. I bought a bottle of that to take home. At the end of our lunch, we had a special surprise birthday cake for Father Joe. His birthday is Tuesday and he said later he couldn't think of a better place to celebrate his birthday than in Italy! The cake was wonderful - a sponge cake with chocolate truffles on top!
We finally got into the town of Assisi about 3 pm and headed to the church of St. Clare. When I was here last year with a big group of Deaf people, we weren't able to get into the church of St. Clare because it was closed. This church is special because it holds the original San Damiano cross. St. Francis was praying in front of this cross when he heard the voice of the Lord saying, "Francis, repair my church for it is in ruin". We were able to spend a little bit of time praying in front of this cross. We also went down to the tomb of St. Clare. She died in 1253 (more than 750 years ago) and her body is still uncorrupted (hasn't decayed). I have to admit it's a little odd looking at the body of someone who died over 750 years ago but it was definitely a holy place.
Once we all finished our meditation and prayer time, we walked through the town (stopping at various shops along the way, of course!) to the Basilica of St. Francis. Inside the basilica walls are frescoes that, as our guide said, "are basically an open book about the life of St. Francis." Included is the famous story of St. Francis renouncing his birthright to his father, literally stripping himself of all of his clothing in the middle of the town square and choosing God in front of all the bishops and townspeople. St Francis' father was a wealthy cloth merchant, so St. Francis was giving up a significantly privileged life to be among the poor. There is also the story of when he went to Pope Innocent III to ask permission to establish his order. The night before he met Francis, Innocent III had a dream about meeting him and immediately recognized him when he met him the following day.
We spent a little time looking at the various stories and then went down to the tomb of St. Francis. We had some time to pray in front of this very holy man and then headed back down to our bus. By this time it was almost 5:30 pm so it was dark - it was interesting to look over the valley and see lights coming on in various houses and homes.
We got back to Roma at about 8:30 pm and split off into a few groups. Some of us met Jimmy Smith at a restaurant around the corner from our restaurant for a last meal, I headed over to the "wifi restaurant" for one last computer session (and gelato with strawberries!), a few people headed up to their rooms to PACK and REST.
Tomorrow morning we get on the bus at 9:15 and we fly out of Rome airport. I can't remember what time our flight leaves but it's probably about noon or so.
THANK YOU to everyone who has prayed for us, made this trip possible, and supported us on this journey. It has definitely been a trip we won't forget.